It is the research approach used by anthropologists when studying groups of people.
Ethnographers use many different research methods to gain insight into people, but generally come back to the four core ideas bellow.
Observation
Ethnographers spend time with people as they go about their daily lives, learning how they live by actually doing what they do.
Words
Ethnography research findings are delivered in the words of the participants, using their language and vocabulary.
On site study
Ethnography is conducted in the space where participants actually live, work and play, not in a separate research facility.
Open minded
People's actions and thoughts are influenced, directly or indirectly, by absolutely everything in their lives. Ethnographers stay open to all potential connections.